Having a cat that eliminates outside the litter box is stressful for both the cat and the caretaker. The good news is that there are simple ways to prevent this behavior or attempt to fix an already present problem. Below are some tips on how to make the litterbox a safe place for your cat. Remember that the litterbox is not just a toileting area but also a place where your cat establishes his or her territory to feel secure in their environment.
Before trying any of these tips. Please consult your primary veterinarian about litter box avoidance. Many serious medical concerns result in eliminating outside the litter box. It is critical that you rule out any medical issues before addressing this issue on a behavioral level.
- Location: Quiet/low traffic area. Place the box in an area where there are multiple points of exit. For example, avoid tight corners where the box is contained around 3 walls. Instead, place your cat’s litterbox against a wall so they have 2 or 3 entry and exit points. This is especially important in a multi-cat household where one cat might try to trap another in the box.
- Size: Boxes should be one and a half times the length of your cat, including the tail. Many commercially available boxes are too small. Try using a plastic storage container without wheels. The length and width makes eliminating more comfortable for your cat.
*Note about senior cats: Some older cats have a difficult time getting into the box. Make sure their boxes have low sides so it is easy for them to walk over. If you see your cat struggling to walk into the box, consult your veterinarian to address any medical concerns such as arthritis.
- Litter: Most prefer unscented, clay clumping litter. If you notice your cat isn’t covering his urine and feces with the current litter, this may mean your cat doesn’t like the texture. There are other options such as sand, silicone pebbles or pellets. When you find what your cat likes, be sure to stay with the same brand of litter. Cats will notice the small changes between manufacturers and may not use their box if they don’t like the substrate.
- Number: You should have one litterbox per cat, plus an additional box. This is especially important in multi-floor households. Ideally, you have one box on each floor.
- Cleaning: Cats need their boxes scooped at least once per day. You’ll also need to dump the litter and wash the box with mild soap and water. (For clumping litter, do this monthly. For non-clumping litter, do this weekly.) Commercial cleaners can leave a strong odor that your cat may avoid.
Meet your cat’s litter box needs and you should see a happier cat!